GPS-denied navigation indoors, underground, on moving reference frames, and in urban canyons can be
achieved in a practical approach suitable for use by the warfighter or emergency responder, using robotic vision
algorithms and coupled MEMS-based dead-reckoning modules. Current robotic vision algorithms such as Simultaneous
Location and Mapping (SLAM) are throughput-intensive and are not practical for the dismounted user. The MEMS
provides excellent instantaneous sensor pointing information that reduces the SLAM processing requirements
significantly.

GPS-denied navigation indoors, underground, on moving reference frames, and in urban canyons can be
achieved in a practical approach suitable for use by the warfighter or emergency responder, using robotic vision
algorithms and coupled MEMS-based dead-reckoning modules. Current robotic vision algorithms such as Simultaneous
Location and Mapping (SLAM) are throughput-intensive and are not practical for the dismounted user. The MEMS
provides excellent instantaneous sensor pointing information that reduces the SLAM processing requirements
significantly.